Immuno-oncology trials are increasing in prevalence and, for many reasons, are much more complex than standard clinical trials. Shipping, with short timelines, strict conditions for maintaining sample integrity, and the need for detailed, international tracking, is complicated. Sponsors must navigate unfamiliar, area-specific standards and regulations to perform site development and local lab evaluations. Once the study is underway, large quantities of data must be processed and shared. Partnering with an experienced central lab can alleviate these challenges, create efficiencies, and save researchers time and expense.